Q. Contingent Liability and Contingent Assets
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the
occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a
present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to
settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot
be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but
discloses its existence in the financial statements.
R. Fair Value Measurement
The Company measures its qualifying financial instruments at fair value on each Balance Sheet date.
Fair value is the price that would be received against sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly
transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the
presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place in the accessible principal
market or the most advantageous accessible market as applicable.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data
is available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of
unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised
within the fair value hierarchy into Level I, Level II and Level III based on the lowest level input that is significant to the
fair value measurement as a whole. For detailed information on the fair value hierarchy, refer note no. 29 and 30
For assets and liabilities that are fair valued in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines
whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the
lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.
For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis
of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy.
i The fair value of the Company's investment properties at the end of the year has been determined by the
management based on available information, including transacted prices near the end of the year in the location
and category of the properties being valued. During the year, the Company had carried out valuation of certain
investment properties for various other purposes, and the management has relied on these valuations, along
with market data, in estimating the fair value at year-end. The fair value measurement for all of the investment
properties has been categorised as a Level 2 fair value measurement. Total fair value of investment properties is
' 2,401.55 Lakhs (Last year the company was in the process of ascertining the fair value of the properties).
ii During the year, the Company carried out a review of the recoverable amount of investment properties. As a result,
there were no allowances for impairment required for these properties. Out of the Investment Property, property
having carrying value of ' 355.55 lakhs (Fair Value ' 718.80 lakhs) has been mortgaged to bank for loans availed by
the company and property having carrying value of ' 398.67 lakhs (Fair Value ' 413.00 lakhs) has been mortgaged
to bank for guarantee facility availed by the associate company.
NOTE 29- FAIR VALUE
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction in the
principal (or most advantageous) market at the measurement date under current market conditions (i.e., an exit price),
regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using a valuation technique.
In order to show how fair values have been derived, financial instruments are classified based on a hierarchy of valuation
techniques.
This note describes the fair value measurement of both financial and non-financial instruments.
Valuation Framework
The Group has an internal fair value assessment team which assesses the fair values for assets qualifying for fair
valuation.
The Group's valuation framework includes:
Benchmarking prices against observable market prices or other independent sources;
Development and validation of fair valuation models using model logic, inputs, outputs and adjustments.
These valuation models are subject to a process of due diligence and validation before they become operational and
are continuously calibrated. These models are subject to approvals by various functions including risk, treasury and
finance functions. Finance function is responsible for establishing procedures, governing valuation and ensuring fair
values are in compliance with accounting standards.
Valuation Framework
Fair values of financial assets, other than those which are subsequently measured at amortised cost, have been arrived
at as under:
Fair values of other investments under FVOCI have been determined under level 1 using quoted market prices of the
underlying instruments;
Fair value of loans held under a business model that is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and partially
selling the loans through partial assignment to willing buyers and which contain contractual terms that give rise on
specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest are measured at FVOCI. The fair value
of these loans have been determined under level 3.
The Group has determined that the carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, bank balances, trade receivables,
short term loans, floating rate loans, trade payables, short term debts, borrowings, bank overdrafts and other current
liabilities are a reasonable approximation of their fair value and hence their carrying value are deemed to be fair value.
NOTE 30- FAIR VALUE HIERARCHY
The Company determines fair values of its financial instruments according to the following hierarchy:
Level 1: valuation based on quoted market price: financial instruments with quoted prices for identical instruments in
active markets that the Company can access at the measurement date.
Level 2: valuation based on using observable inputs: financial instruments with quoted prices for similar instruments in
active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in inactive markets and financial instruments valued
using models where all significant inputs are observable.
Level 3: valuation technique with significant unobservable inputs: - financial instruments valued using valuation
techniques where one or more significant inputs are unobservable.
The Company has a defined benefit gratuity plan in India (unfunded). The Company's defined benefit gratuity plan
is a final salary plan for employees. Gratuity is paid from Company as and when it becomes due and is paid as per
Company scheme for Gratuity.
Risks associated with defined benefit plan: Gratuity is a defined benefit plan and entity is exposed to the following
Risks.
a. Salary Risk: The present value of the defined benefit plan liability is calculated by reference to the future salaries
of members. As such, an increase in the salary of the members more than assumed level will increase the
plan's liability.
b. Interest rate risk: A fall in the discount rate which is linked to the Government Securities Rate will increase the
present value of the liability requiring higher provision.
c. Asset Liability Matching Risk: The plan faces the ALM risk as to the matching cash flow. Entity has to manage
pay-out based on pay as you go basis from own funds.
d. Mortality risk: Since the benefits under the plan is not payable for life time and payable till retirement age only,
plan does not have any longevity risk.
38. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
The Company's business activities are exposed to a variety of financial risks, namely liquidity risk, market risks
and credit risk. The Company's senior management has the overall responsibility for establishing and governing
the Company's risk management framework. The Company has constituted a core Management Committee,
which is responsible for developing and monitoring the Company's risk management policies. The Company's risk
management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Company, to set and monitor
appropriate risk limits and controls, periodically review the changes in market conditions and reflect the changes
in the policy accordingly. The key risks and mitigating actions are also placed before the Audit Committee of the
Company.
A. Market Risk
Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of
changes in market prices. Market risk comprises three types of risk: interest rate risk, currency risk and other
price risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk include loans and borrowings and deposits.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because
of changes in market interest rates. This risk exists mainly on account of borrowings of the Company. However,
all these borrowings are at fixed interest rate and hence the exposure to change in interest rate is insignificant.
Foreign Currency Risk
Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of
changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company is not exposed to significant foreign currency risk as at the
respective reporting dates.
Price Risk
The Company is mainly exposed to the price risk due to its investment in debt mutual funds. The price risk
arises due to uncertainties about the future market values of these investments.
B. Credit Risk: Credit risk is the risk that counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument
or customer contract, leading to a financial loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating
activities (primarily trade receivables) and other financial assets.
Trade Receivables: Customer credit risk is managed by each business unit subject to the Company's
established policy, procedures and control relating to customer credit risk management. An impairment
analysis is performed at each reporting date on an individual basis for major trade receivables.
Other Financial Assets: Credit risk from balances with banks and financial institutions is managed by the
Company in accordance with the Company's policy. Investments of surplus funds are made only in highly
marketable debt instruments with appropriate maturities to optimise the cash return on instruments while
ensuring sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities.
C. Excessive risk concentration: Concentrations arise when a number of counterparties are engaged in similar
business activities, or activities in the same geographical region, or have economic features that would cause
their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic, political or other
conditions. Concentrations indicate the relative sensitivity of the Company's performance to developments
affecting a particular industry.
In order to avoid excessive concentrations of risk, the Company's policies and procedures include specific
guidelines to focus on the maintenance of a diversified portfolio. Identified concentrations of credit risks are
controlled and managed accordingly.
D. Liquidity risk: Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and marketable securities
and the availability of funding through an adequate amount of internal financing by way of daily cash flow
projection to meet obligations when due and to close out market positions. Due to the dynamic nature of the
underlying businesses, company treasury maintains flexibility in funding by maintaining availability of funds.
Management monitors daily and monthly rolling forecasts of the Company's liquidity position and cash and
cash equivalents on the basis of expected cash flows. This is generally carried in accordance with standard
guidelines. The Company has liquidity reserves in the form of highly liquid assets like cash and cash equivalents,
debt based mutual funds, deposit accounts, etc.
39. Capital management: The primary objective of the Company's capital management is to maximise the shareholder's
wealth. The Company's policy is to maintain a strong capital base so as to maintain investor, creditor and market
confidence and to sustain future development of the business. The Board of Directors monitor the return on capital
employed as well as the level of dividend to shareholders. The Company manages its capital structure and makes
adjustments in light of changes in economic conditions and the requirements of the financial covenants. To
maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the dividend payment to shareholders, return
capital to shareholders or issue new shares. The Company monitors capital using a debt equity ratio, which is total
debt divided by total equity.
42. Corporate Social Responsibility: - As per Section 135 of Companies Act, 2013 a company meeting the applicability
threshold, needs to spend at-least 2% of its average net profit of the immediately preceding three financial years on
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities. The CSR initiatives are focused towards that programme directly or
indirectly, benefit the community and society at large. The Company's CSR activity primarily focuses on programs
that promote education, gender equality empowering women and development of rural areas.
43. The disclosure on the following matters required under Schedule III as amended not being relevant or applicable
in case of the Company, same are not covered such as
a. Title Deeds of Immovable Property not held in name of Company: Company is having the registered sales
deeds of immovable property, however
i. With respect to one flat in located at Ballaleshwar Co-op. Hsg. Soc. Ltd., Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Road, Lal
Baug, Mumbai having carrying value of ' 101.52 Lakhs, classified as Investment Properties in the financial
statements, the Company has received approval from MHADA however, name transfer in the society
records is pending.
ii. With respect to Land at Hyderabad satisfaction of having carrying value of ' 269.96 Lakhs, classified
as Investment Properties in the financial statements, during mutation, co-owners of the said property
opposed and has got stay on the transfer. The Company has filed a suit against the stay and order from
the court is awaited.
b. Disclosure on Revaluation of Assets: The Company has not revalued its property, plant and equipment or
intangible assets or both during the current or previous year.
c. Details of benami property held: No proceedings have been initiated on or are pending against the Company
for holding benami property under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 (45 of 1988) and Rules
made thereunder.
d. Borrowings against current assets: The returns or statements submitted by the Company to lenders are in
agreement with books of accounts which includes Sales amounts inclusive of GST value. There are no material
discrepancies observed in returns or statements submitted by the Company to lenders.
e. Willful defaulter: The Company have not been declared willful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or
government or any government authority.
f. Relationship with struck off companies: The Company has no transactions with the companies struck off under
Companies Act, 2013 or Companies Act, 1956.
g. Registration of charges or satisfaction with Registrar of Companies: There are no charges or satisfactions
which are yet to be registered with the Registrar of Companies beyond the statutory period.
h. Compliance with number of layers of companies: The Company has complied with the number of layers
prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with the Companies (Restriction on
number of Layers) Rules, 2017.
i. Utilisation of borrowed funds and share premium: The Company has not received securities premium through
issue of equity and preference shares during the year ended March 31, 2025, and year ended March 31, 2024.
There is no understanding with investors, in writing or otherwise, to lend or invest in other person or entities,
directly or indirectly or provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the said investors. The
management has absolute discretion on use of such funds. Hence, the additional regulatory disclosure with
respect to the utilisation of borrowed funds and share premium are not included in these financial statements.
j. Compliance with approved scheme of arrangements: The Company has not entered into any scheme of
arrangement which has an accounting impact on current or previous financial year.
k. Undisclosed income: There is no income surrendered or disclosed as income during the current or previous
year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961, that has not been recorded in the books of account.
l. Details of crypto currency or virtual currency: The Company has not traded or invested in crypto currency or
virtual currency during the current or previous year.
Notes:
EBITDA - Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization
EBIT - Earnings before interest and taxes.
Explanation for variances exceeding 25%:
a. Current Ratio: Ratio has been increased due to repayment of Short-Term Borrowings.
b. Debt equity Ratio/Debt Service Ratio: Ratio has been decreased due to repayment of Short-Term Borrowings.
c. Trade Payable Turnover Ratio: There is an improvement in Ratio due to returns of purchases during the slag period.
45. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has prescribed a new requirement for companies under the proviso to
Rule 3(1) of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 inserted by the Companies (Accounts) Amendment Rules 2021
requiring companies, which uses accounting software for maintaining its books of accounts, shall use only such
accounting software which has a feature of recording audit trail of each and every transaction, creating an edit log
of each change made in the books of accounts along with the date when such changes were made and ensuring
that the audit trail cannot be disabled. The Company uses accounting software (tally edit log) for maintaining
its books of account which has a feature of recording audit trail (edit log) facility and the same has operated
throughout the year for all relevant transactions recorded in the accounting software.
46. The Previous year's figures have been regrouped / rearranged / reclassified wherever necessary. Amounts and
other disclosures for the preceding financial year are included as an integral part of current year's financial
statements.
As per our report of even date For and on Behalf of Board
Sd/- Sd/- Sd/-
For A R Sodha & Co. Ankur Agrawal Apeksha Kadam
Chartered Accountants Director Director
Firm Reg. No.: 110324W DIN : 06408167 DIN : 08878724
Sd/- Sd/- Sd/- Sd/-
Dipesh Sangoi Anil Agrawal Kailash Purohit Rachana Hingar
Partner CFO CEO Company Secretary
Membership No. : 124295
Mumbai, May 20, 2025
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